{"id":2114,"date":"2025-03-01T10:36:01","date_gmt":"2025-03-01T02:36:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/?p=2114"},"modified":"2025-03-07T21:26:35","modified_gmt":"2025-03-07T13:26:35","slug":"poznatky-tykajuce-sa-casti-odolnych-proti-vybuchu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/zariadenia-odolne-proti-vybuchu\/poznatky-tykajuce-sa-casti-odolnych-proti-vybuchu\/","title":{"rendered":"Znalosti t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa z\u00e1str\u010diek odoln\u00fdch proti v\u00fdbuchu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Znalosti t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa nev\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdch z\u00e1str\u010dkov\u00fdch dielov<\/strong><\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

V priestoroch chemick\u00fdch podnikov s nebezpe\u010denstvom po\u017eiaru a v\u00fdbuchu je pou\u017e\u00edvanie nev\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdch elektrick\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed be\u017enou praxou s cie\u013eom \u00fa\u010dinne kontrolova\u0165 iskry vznikaj\u00face v elektrick\u00fdch zariadeniach, aby sa zabr\u00e1nilo \u00faniku hor\u013eav\u00fdch plynov z okolia do elektrick\u00e9ho zariadenia vo vn\u00fatri nehody sp\u00f4sobenej v\u00fdbuchom.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky na hlavn\u00e9 komponenty zariaden\u00ed odoln\u00fdch proti v\u00fdbuchu<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

I. <\/strong>Spojovac\u00ed materi\u00e1l<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. Upev\u0148ovacie prvky by mali ma\u0165 dostato\u010dn\u00fa mechanick\u00fa pevnos\u0165, aby pri v\u00fdbuchu n\u00e1bojnice nedo\u0161lo k zlomeniu skrutky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2, spojovac\u00ed materi\u00e1l by mal by\u0165 proti kor\u00f3zii, proti uvo\u013e\u0148ovaniu, aby sa zabezpe\u010dilo, \u017ee v\u00f4\u013ea roviny typu nev\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9ho povrchu spoja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3\u3001Pri upev\u0148ovan\u00ed pomocou skrutiek, ak sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa pru\u017en\u00e9 podlo\u017eky, aby sa zabr\u00e1nilo uvo\u013eneniu, sta\u010d\u00ed pru\u017en\u00e9 podlo\u017eky vyrovna\u0165 a nemali by sa pr\u00edli\u0161 u\u0165ahova\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Aby sa zabr\u00e1nilo strihaniu upev\u0148ovac\u00edch skrutiek vonkaj\u0161\u00edmi silami, musia by\u0165 vonkaj\u0161ie rozmery spojov krytu a pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165a rovnak\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5, aby bolo upevnenie bezpe\u010dn\u00e9, materi\u00e1l skrutiek a mat\u00edc sa nesmie pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 z plastu alebo \u013eahkej zliatiny a nie je dovolen\u00e9 otv\u00e1ra\u0165 otvory pre skrutky priamo na plastovom pl\u00e1\u0161ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6, h\u013abka nepriepustn\u00fdch otvorov pre skrutky by mala zabezpe\u010di\u0165, aby otvory pre skrutky a skrutky po utiahnut\u00ed boli viac ako 2-n\u00e1sobok hr\u00fabky z\u00e1vitu poistnej podlo\u017eky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. Hr\u00fabka okolo a na dne nepriepustn\u00e9ho otvoru pre skrutku nesmie by\u0165 men\u0161ia ako jedna tretina priemeru skrutky, ale s rezervou najmenej 3,0 mm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8, proces s priechodn\u00fdm otvorom alebo \u0161trukt\u00farou mus\u00ed prenikn\u00fa\u0165 do pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165a otvorov pre skrutky, mal by by\u0165 valcov\u00fd alebo z\u00e1vitov\u00fd nev\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fd, aby ho mohol zasun\u00fa\u0165, exponovan\u00fd koniec mus\u00ed by\u0165 trvalo upevnen\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

II. <\/strong>Z\u00e1str\u010dky<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Po ofici\u00e1lnom vydan\u00ed verzie GB\/T3836 z roku 2021 norma GB\/T 3836.2-2021 obohacuje po\u017eiadavky na diely s blokovan\u00edm Ex a rozdiely oproti norme GB 3836.2-2010 s\u00fa tieto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.GB 3836.2-2010 \u010cl\u00e1nok 11 pre \u201cspojovacie prvky, s\u00favisiace otvory a blokovacie diely\u201d, GB\/T 3836.2-2021 v 11 odstr\u00e1nil blokovacie diely, v 13.8 samostatn\u00e9 ustanovenia po\u017eiadaviek na blokovacie diely a blokovacie diely kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00fdch po\u017eiadaviek \u010dl\u00e1nku C2.3.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.GB\/T 3836.2-2021 Dodatok C.2.3 pod\u013ea svojich kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed sa rozdel\u00ed na metrick\u00e9 diely s Ex z\u00e1tkou, diely s Ex z\u00e1tkou NPT a diely bez z\u00e1vitu s Ex z\u00e1tkou, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa jasn\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky, konkr\u00e9tny obsah je nasledovn\u00fd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(1) Metrick\u00e9 blokovacie prvky Ex musia sp\u013a\u0148a\u0165 nasleduj\u00face po\u017eiadavky, aby sa vyrie\u0161ilo zavedenie otvorov do puzdra t\u00fdm, \u017ee vonkaj\u0161\u00ed povrch blokovacieho prvku bude \u010do najbli\u017e\u0161ie k puzdru:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a. Musia ma\u0165 pr\u00edruby alebo dut\u00e9 no\u017ee, aby sa zabr\u00e1nilo \u00fapln\u00e9mu prechodu blokovacieho prvku Ex cez puzdro, a ak s\u00fa pr\u00edruby pr\u00edtomn\u00e9, musia ma\u0165 priemer a hr\u00fabku, aby sa zabr\u00e1nilo ich odstr\u00e1neniu in\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom, ako je povolen\u00e9 vy\u0161\u0161ie;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

b. Z\u00e1vity musia sp\u013a\u0148a\u0165 pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky v \u010dasti Nev\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9 spoje (C.2.2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(2) \u010clenovia NPT Ex blocking musia sp\u013a\u0148a\u0165 tieto po\u017eiadavky:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a. Mus\u00ed by\u0165 bez pr\u00edrub;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

b. Typy z\u00e1vitov musia zodpoveda\u0165 norme ANSI\/ASME B1.20.1 American Standard Tapered Pipe Threads (NPT);<\/p>\n\n\n\n

c. Mali by by\u0165 vytvoren\u00e9 dr\u00e1\u017eky pre n\u00e1stroje (ako na obr\u00e1zku C.2);<\/p>\n\n\n\n

d. Efekt\u00edvna d\u013a\u017eka z\u00e1vitu nesmie by\u0165 men\u0161ia ako rozmer \u201cL2\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(3) Z\u00e1str\u010dky Ex bez z\u00e1vitu (len typ I)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Len v pr\u00edpade zariaden\u00ed triedy I musia blokovacie diely s \u013eahk\u00fdm otvorom (bez z\u00e1vitu) sp\u013a\u0148a\u0165 po\u017eiadavky bodov C.2.2.2 a C.2.3.1 v dokumente GB\/T3836.2-2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osobitn\u00fa pozornos\u0165 treba venova\u0165:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(1) Z\u00e1str\u010dky by sa nemali pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 so z\u00e1vitov\u00fdmi armat\u00farami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(2) Z\u00e1str\u010dky so z\u00e1vitom NPT by nemali by\u0165 navrhnut\u00e9 s pr\u00edrubovou kon\u0161trukciou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Be\u017ene pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 nev\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 zariadenia sa nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa pri zav\u00e1dzan\u00ed met\u00f3d zap\u00e1jania<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nehor\u013eav\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 zariadenie sa nepou\u017e\u00edva pri zav\u00e1dzan\u00ed \u00fastia, pod\u013ea jeho zavedenia \u0161trukt\u00fary vstupu na ur\u010denie met\u00f3dy blokovania sa be\u017ene pou\u017e\u00edva pre nehor\u013eav\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 zariadenie, ktor\u00e9 sa nepou\u017e\u00edva pri zav\u00e1dzan\u00ed \u00fastia met\u00f3dy blokovania, stru\u010dne analyzujte a vysvetlite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e1rodn\u00e1 norma GB\/T 3836.1-2021 \u010cl\u00e1nok 16.4 \u201cblokovacie diely<\/strong>\u201d sa stanovuje takto: pou\u017e\u00edva sa na blokovanie nadbyto\u010dn\u00fdch otvorov v stene pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165a elektrick\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 blokuj\u00fa \u010dasti, by mali by\u0165 v s\u00falade s po\u017eiadavkami pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho \u0161peci\u00e1lneho nev\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9ho typu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zvy\u010dajne sa \u0161trukt\u00fara vstupn\u00e9ho otvoru nev\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9ho elektrick\u00e9ho zariadenia del\u00ed na dva pr\u00edpady:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Na nev\u00fdbu\u0161nom kryte je zariadenie na zavedenie k\u00e1bla s tesniacim kr\u00fa\u017ekom, ktor\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edva tesniaci kr\u00fa\u017eok na upnutie pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165a k\u00e1bla;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Vstupn\u00fd otvor na nev\u00fdbu\u0161nom kryte je nev\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fd z\u00e1vitov\u00fd priechodn\u00fd otvor, ktor\u00fd mus\u00ed by\u0165 utesnen\u00fd vhodnou nev\u00fdbu\u0161nou z\u00e1tkou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po prv\u00e9, prax prv\u00e9ho pr\u00edpadu, \u201cZariadenie na zavedenie k\u00e1bla s tesniacim kr\u00fa\u017ekom na nev\u00fdbu\u0161nom kryte<\/strong>\u201c je zn\u00e1zornen\u00e1 na obr\u00e1zku 1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u0160trukt\u00fara tohto druhu vstupn\u00e9ho otvoru spo\u010d\u00edva vo vytvoren\u00ed deform\u00e1cie tesniaceho kr\u00fa\u017eku stla\u010den\u00edm tesniaceho kr\u00fa\u017eku cez kompresn\u00fd prvok na \u010dele zariadenia, tak\u017ee tesniaci kr\u00fa\u017eok spo\u013eahlivo zovrie pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 k\u00e1bla, aby sa dosiahol v\u00fdkon odoln\u00fd proti v\u00fdbuchu, a neexistuje \u017eiadna \u0161trukt\u00fara povrchu odoln\u00e9ho proti v\u00fdbuchu. V tomto pr\u00edpade sa vykon\u00e1va met\u00f3da blokovania, jeho prebyto\u010dn\u00fd vstupn\u00fd otvor k\u00e1bla na vonkaj\u0161ej strane tesniaceho kr\u00fa\u017eku by mal by\u0165 vybaven\u00fd oce\u013eovou z\u00e1tkou\/z\u00e1str\u010dkou, pri\u010dom hr\u00fabka z\u00e1str\u010dky by nemala by\u0165 men\u0161ia ako 2 mm<\/strong>, oce\u013eov\u00e1 z\u00e1tkov\u00e1 doska by mala by\u0165 stla\u010den\u00e1 kompresn\u00fdm prvkom, ako je zn\u00e1zornen\u00e9 na obr\u00e1zku 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V druhom pr\u00edpade je \u201cpriechodn\u00fd otvor v nev\u00fdbu\u0161nom kryte<\/strong>\u201d je zn\u00e1zornen\u00fd na obr\u00e1zku 2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V tomto pr\u00edpade je vstupn\u00fdm otvorom na nev\u00fdbu\u0161nom pl\u00e1\u0161ti priechodn\u00fd otvor pre nev\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9 z\u00e1vity, ktor\u00fd je potrebn\u00e9 zablokova\u0165 vhodnou nev\u00fdbu\u0161nou z\u00e1tkou. Je potrebn\u00e9 poznamena\u0165, \u017ee najprv je potrebn\u00e9 ur\u010di\u0165 typ z\u00e1vitu, ako napr\u00edklad, \u010di ide o z\u00e1vit NPT alebo z\u00e1vit M, alebo in\u00fd pr\u00edpustn\u00fd typ z\u00e1vitu, a potom pod\u013ea v\u00fdberu typu z\u00e1vitu vhodnej nev\u00fdbu\u0161nej z\u00e1tky, t\u00e1to met\u00f3da z\u00e1tky je cez z\u00e1vitov\u00e9 rozhranie na dosiahnutie v\u00fdkonu nev\u00fdbu\u0161nosti, mus\u00ed sp\u013a\u0148a\u0165 aj tieto podmienky:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Rozstup \u2265 0,7 mm, spravidla nie viac ako 2 mm;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zapojen\u00e9 z\u00e1vity \u2265 5 praciek;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u013abka z\u00e1beru: \u2265 5 mm, ak je objem zariadenia \u2264 100 cm3, alebo \u2265 8 mm, ak je objem zariadenia > 100 cm3;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presnos\u0165 zapojenia: Odpor\u00fa\u010da sa stredn\u00e1 alebo presn\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 tolerancie pod\u013ea GB\/T 197 a GB\/T 2516, 6H\/6g.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Explosion-proof plugging parts related knowledge In the fire and explosion hazardous areas of chemical enterprises, the use of explosion-proof electrical equipment is a common practice in order to effectively control the sparks generated by electrical equipment, to avoid the surrounding leakage of combustible gases into the electrical equipment inside the flash explosion accident. General requirements […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2114","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-explosion-proof-equipment"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"trp-custom-language-flag":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Joe","author_link":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/author\/jacklin\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Explosion-proof plugging parts related knowledge In the fire and explosion hazardous areas of chemical enterprises, the use of explosion-proof electrical equipment is a common practice in order to effectively control the sparks generated by electrical equipment, to avoid the surrounding leakage of combustible gases into the electrical equipment inside the flash explosion accident. General requirements…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2114","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2114"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2114\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2335,"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2114\/revisions\/2335"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2114"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2114"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2114"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}