{"id":4051,"date":"2025-06-24T16:54:32","date_gmt":"2025-06-24T08:54:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/?page_id=4051"},"modified":"2025-06-24T16:57:39","modified_gmt":"2025-06-24T08:57:39","slug":"co-je-ucinnik-led-osvetlenie-ucinnik-klucove-informacie","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/vedomosti\/viedol-svetlo-vedomosti\/co-je-ucinnik-led-osvetlenie-ucinnik-klucove-informacie\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010co je to \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk? K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie o \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edku LED osvetlenia"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u010co je <\/strong>\u00da\u010dinn\u00edk<\/strong>?<\/strong> <\/strong>K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie o v\u00fdkonovom faktore LED osvetlenia<\/strong><\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

I<\/strong>ntroductory<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00da\u010dinn\u00edk je pomer u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu (t. j. s\u00fa\u010dinu nap\u00e4tia a pr\u00fadu) k zdanliv\u00e9mu v\u00fdkonu a jeho hodnota sa pohybuje v rozmedz\u00ed od 0 do 1. \u00da\u010dinn\u00edk LED osvetlenia m\u00f4\u017ee zvy\u010dajne dosiahnu\u0165 hodnotu 0,95 alebo dokonca 0,97 a\u017e 0,99, preto sa mu v priemysle nevenuje tak\u00e1 pozornos\u0165 ako in\u00fdm parametrom (napr. svetelnej \u00fa\u010dinnosti, pr\u00edkonu, \u0161o\u0161ovk\u00e1m at\u010f.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na trhu s\u00fa v\u0161ak st\u00e1le k dispoz\u00edcii niektor\u00e9 tradi\u010dn\u00e9 \u017eiarovky, ako aj niektor\u00e9 LED \u017eiarovky s n\u00edzkym \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edkom. Tieto svietidl\u00e1 za\u0165a\u017euj\u00fa sie\u0165 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm pr\u00fadom, \u010do si vy\u017eaduje pou\u017eitie hrub\u0161\u00edch meden\u00fdch vodi\u010dov na zn\u00ed\u017eenie probl\u00e9mov s ohrevom vedenia pri pre\u0165a\u017een\u00ed a poklesom nap\u00e4tia, \u010do vedie k vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1kladom na v\u00fdstavbu v obciach. Napriek tomu, \u017ee v niektor\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch a regi\u00f3noch sa za jalov\u00fd v\u00fdkon \u00fa\u010dtuje pr\u00edplatok, sme presved\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee je potrebn\u00e9 zlep\u0161i\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk dod\u00e1vok elektrickej energie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Predt\u00fdm mus\u00edme pochopi\u0165, \u010do je to \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk a ak\u00fd je jeho v\u00fdznam. Mus\u00edme tie\u017e vedie\u0165, za ak\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed s\u00fa LED di\u00f3dy z h\u013eadiska \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edka v\u00fdkonnej\u0161ie, preto\u017ee LED svietidl\u00e1 nemaj\u00fa v\u017edy vysok\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010co je to \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk?<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00da\u010dinn\u00edk je pomer \u010dinn\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu (t. j. s\u00fa\u010dinu nap\u00e4tia a pr\u00fadu) k zdanliv\u00e9mu v\u00fdkonu v obvode striedav\u00e9ho pr\u00fadu. Je to d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd parameter na meranie \u00fa\u010dinnosti elektrick\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed a kvality energetickej s\u00fastavy. \u010cinn\u00fd v\u00fdkon je v\u00fdkon v syst\u00e9me, ktor\u00fd sa skuto\u010dne vyu\u017e\u00edva na pr\u00e1cu, zatia\u013e \u010do zdanliv\u00fd v\u00fdkon je celkov\u00fd v\u00fdkon syst\u00e9mu vr\u00e1tane \u010dinn\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu a jalov\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu (v\u00fdkon sp\u00f4soben\u00fd f\u00e1zov\u00fdm rozdielom medzi pr\u00fadom a nap\u00e4t\u00edm, ktor\u00fd zvy\u010dajne nevykon\u00e1va u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fa pr\u00e1cu).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pomocou vzorca pre \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk (\u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk = \u010dinn\u00fd v\u00fdkon \/ zdanliv\u00fd v\u00fdkon) vieme, \u017ee hodnota \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edka sa pohybuje medzi 0 a 1, \u010do zah\u0155\u0148a aj \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk osvetlenia LED.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pri \u010disto odporovej z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ei je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk rovn\u00fd 1, \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nap\u00e4tie a pr\u00fad s\u00fa vo f\u00e1ze. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v\u0161etok pr\u00fad sa vyu\u017e\u00edva na u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fa pr\u00e1cu a nedoch\u00e1dza k plytvaniu. Pri indukt\u00edvnych z\u00e1\u0165a\u017eiach (napr. motory, transform\u00e1tory at\u010f.) a kapacitn\u00fdch z\u00e1\u0165a\u017eiach (napr. kondenz\u00e1tory at\u010f.) v\u0161ak pr\u00fad zaost\u00e1va za nap\u00e4t\u00edm alebo ho prevy\u0161uje, \u010do m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledok, \u017ee \u010das\u0165 v\u00fdkonu nie je efekt\u00edvne vyu\u017eit\u00e1 a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk bude ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ako 1. N\u00edzky \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v obvode je ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo jalov\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu, \u010do zv\u00fd\u0161i straty nap\u00e1jania vo veden\u00ed a zn\u00ed\u017ei vyu\u017eitie zariadenia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zlep\u0161enie \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edka preto pom\u00e1ha zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 spotrebu energie v sieti a zlep\u0161i\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 zariaden\u00ed a kvalitu dod\u00e1vky energie. V praxi mo\u017eno \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk zlep\u0161i\u0165 kompenz\u00e1ciou jalov\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu, optimaliz\u00e1ciou re\u017eimu prev\u00e1dzky zariadenia a \u010fal\u0161\u00edmi opatreniami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00da\u010dinn\u00edk LED osvetlenia - \u010dinn\u00fd a jalov\u00fd v\u00fdkon<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pre\u010do sa zauj\u00edmame o \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk?<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00da\u010dinn\u00edk m\u00e1 v energetick\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch z\u00e1sadn\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Pod\u013ea n\u00e1\u0161ho n\u00e1zoru sa jeho v\u00fdznam prejavuje najm\u00e4 v nasleduj\u00facich aspektoch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 vyu\u017eitie energie:<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pri nekorigovanom \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edku (t. j. pri pr\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzkom \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edku) doch\u00e1dza v elektriza\u010dnej s\u00fastave k ve\u013ek\u00fdm strat\u00e1m jalov\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu. Tento neu\u017eito\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdkon sa pri toku v obvode priamo nemen\u00ed na u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fa mechanick\u00fa alebo tepeln\u00fa energiu, ale vytv\u00e1ra dodato\u010dn\u00fd pr\u00fad v elektrickom zariaden\u00ed. Tento dodato\u010dn\u00fd pr\u00fad zohrieva odpory vo vn\u00fatri zariadenia, \u010d\u00edm sa zvy\u0161uje spotreba energie zariadenia. Naopak, zlep\u0161enie \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edka zni\u017euje straty jalov\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu, a t\u00fdm zvy\u0161uje vyu\u017eitie energie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Zn\u00ed\u017eenie za\u0165a\u017eenia siete:<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Zlep\u0161enie \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edka osvetlenia LED zni\u017euje jalov\u00fd v\u00fdkon v sieti, \u010d\u00edm sa zni\u017euje za\u0165a\u017eenie siete. To je nevyhnutn\u00e9 pre stabiln\u00fa prev\u00e1dzku energetickej s\u00fastavy a pom\u00e1ha predch\u00e1dza\u0165 probl\u00e9mom, ako s\u00fa pre\u0165a\u017eenie a poruchy v sieti. Naopak, n\u00edzky \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k nadmern\u00e9mu pr\u00fadu v sieti, \u010do n\u00e1sledne ovplyv\u0148uje stabilitu energetickej s\u00fastavy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Ovplyv\u0148uje v\u00fdkon zariadenia:<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vysok\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk predl\u017euje \u017eivotnos\u0165 elektrick\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed a zni\u017euje plytvanie energiou. Ak je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk pr\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzky, v obvode vznik\u00e1 ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo zbyto\u010dnej pr\u00e1ce, \u010do vedie k siln\u00e9mu zahrievaniu elektrick\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed. Sie\u0165ov\u00e9 zariadenia aj zariadenia vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00face elektrick\u00fa energiu nemaj\u00fa radi prostredie s vysokou teplotou. Nadmern\u00e1 teplota ur\u00fdch\u013euje starnutie komponentov, \u010do vedie k zhor\u0161eniu v\u00fdkonu alebo dokonca k po\u0161kodeniu. In\u00fdmi slovami, n\u00edzky \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk nielen plytv\u00e1 energiou, ale sp\u00f4sobuje aj po\u0161kodenie zariaden\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00edzky \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk v d\u00f4sledku r\u00f4znych za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

N\u00edzky \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk je sp\u00f4soben\u00fd najm\u00e4 pou\u017eit\u00edm induk\u010dn\u00fdch a kapacitn\u00fdch s\u00fa\u010diastok. Zariadenia mo\u017eno rozdeli\u0165 na induk\u010dn\u00e9 a kapacitn\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee v z\u00e1vislosti od po\u010dtu induk\u010dn\u00fdch a kapacitn\u00fdch prvkov. Zariadenia s v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtom induk\u010dn\u00fdch prvkov s\u00fa induk\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee, zatia\u013e \u010do zariadenia s v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtom kapacitn\u00fdch prvkov s\u00fa kapacitn\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010cisto odporov\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Okrem induk\u010dn\u00fdch a kapacitn\u00fdch z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e\u00ed existuje mno\u017estvo zariaden\u00ed, spotrebi\u010dov a svietidiel, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa \u010disto odporov\u00e9 (t. j. \u010disto ohmick\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee). Vz\u0165ahuje sa na z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee, pri ktor\u00fdch obvod obsahuje len odporov\u00e9 s\u00fa\u010diastky. Ke\u010f je obvod pod nap\u00e4t\u00edm, produkuje len teplo a sveteln\u00fa energiu a nemen\u00ed elektrick\u00fa energiu na in\u00e9 formy energie. V \u010disto odporovej z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ei sa pr\u00fad a nap\u00e4tie menia synchr\u00f3nne, t. j. s\u00fa vo f\u00e1ze. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee medzi pr\u00fadom a nap\u00e4t\u00edm nie je f\u00e1zov\u00fd rozdiel, a preto je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk rovn\u00fd 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Typick\u00fdm pr\u00edkladom \u010disto odporovej z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee je \u017eiarovka. Pri rozsvieten\u00ed \u017eiarovky sa elektrick\u00e1 energia premie\u0148a predov\u0161etk\u00fdm na teplo a svetlo, pri\u010dom teplo vznik\u00e1 v d\u00f4sledku prechodu pr\u00fadu cez odporov\u00fd vodi\u010d. Ke\u010f\u017ee \u017eiarovky s\u00fa \u010disto odporovou z\u00e1\u0165a\u017eou, ich \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk sa bl\u00ed\u017ei k hodnote 1, \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u017eiarovky dok\u00e1\u017eu efekt\u00edvne vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 elektrick\u00fa energiu a premie\u0148a\u0165 ju na svetlo\/teplo bez toho, aby generovali ve\u013ek\u00fd jalov\u00fd v\u00fdkon. To samozrejme neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u017eiarovky maj\u00fa najvy\u0161\u0161iu sveteln\u00fa \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

induk\u010dn\u00e1 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Induk\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee s\u00fa z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee, ktor\u00e9 obsahuj\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00fd po\u010det induk\u010dn\u00fdch zlo\u017eiek v obvode a s\u00fa jednou z hlavn\u00fdch pr\u00ed\u010din n\u00edzkeho \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edka v zariadeniach. Medzi induk\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee patria motory, transform\u00e1tory a induktory at\u010f., ktor\u00e9 po\u010das prev\u00e1dzky vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa magnetick\u00e9 pole, ktor\u00e9 sp\u00f4sobuje zaost\u00e1vanie pr\u00fadu za nap\u00e4t\u00edm. Toto oneskorenie sp\u00f4sobuje f\u00e1zov\u00fd rozdiel medzi pr\u00fadom a nap\u00e4t\u00edm, ktor\u00fd zni\u017euje \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk. Typick\u00fdm pr\u00edkladom induk\u010dnej z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee s\u00fa HID lampy, ktor\u00fdch elektromagnetick\u00e9 predradn\u00edky s\u00fa vo svojej podstate induk\u010dn\u00e9, \u010do vedie k \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edku, ktor\u00fd je zvy\u010dajne okolo 0,7 alebo dokonca pod 0,5. Do tejto kateg\u00f3rie patria aj LED lampy, hoci LED osvetlenie m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk 0,97.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Induk\u010dn\u00e9 a kapacitn\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie<\/p>\n\n\n\n

kapacitn\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kapacitn\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee s\u00fa z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee s ve\u013ek\u00fdm po\u010dtom kapacitn\u00fdch prvkov v obvode. Na rozdiel od indukt\u00edvnych z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e\u00ed kapacitn\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee (napr\u00edklad kondenz\u00e1tory) sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa, \u017ee pr\u00fad prevy\u0161uje nap\u00e4tie, \u010d\u00edm sa zlep\u0161uje \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk. Ak je v\u0161ak kapacitn\u00e1 reaktancia pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ek\u00e1, tak\u017ee je v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia ako indukt\u00edvna reaktancia, potom pr\u00fad prekro\u010d\u00ed nap\u00e4tie o ve\u013ek\u00fd f\u00e1zov\u00fd uhol, \u010do op\u00e4\u0165 vedie k poklesu \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edka. \u010casto sa do zariaden\u00ed, ako s\u00fa regul\u00e1tory LED, prid\u00e1vaj\u00fa kondenz\u00e1tory na kompenz\u00e1ciu jalov\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu a zlep\u0161enie \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edka LED osvetlenia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1klady \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edka<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich dvoch \u010dastiach sme sa dozvedeli, \u017ee pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 induk\u010dn\u00fdch a kapacitn\u00fdch s\u00fa\u010diastok v zariaden\u00ed m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k zn\u00ed\u017eeniu \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edka zariadenia, ak\u00e9 s\u00fa teda konkr\u00e9tne d\u00f4vody? Ni\u017e\u0161ie vysvetl\u00edme z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pojmy v\u0161eobecnej\u0161\u00edm sp\u00f4sobom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ke\u010f s\u00fa v zariaden\u00ed pr\u00edtomn\u00e9 induk\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee (t. j. komponenty, ktor\u00e9 vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa magnetick\u00e9 polia, ako s\u00fa motory, transform\u00e1tory a induktory), pr\u00fad prech\u00e1dzaj\u00faci t\u00fdmito zariadeniami vytv\u00e1ra magnetick\u00e9 pole, ktor\u00e9 uchov\u00e1va energiu. Ak si magnetick\u00e9 pole predstav\u00edme ako vedro a pr\u00fad ako vodu, ke\u010f zapneme koh\u00fatik, voda za\u010dne pr\u00fadi\u0165 do vedra, ale vedro sa nenapln\u00ed okam\u017eite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je to preto, \u017ee chv\u00ed\u013eu trv\u00e1, k\u00fdm voda prete\u010die a napln\u00ed vedro. Podobne, ke\u010f pr\u00fad pretek\u00e1 induk\u010dnou z\u00e1\u0165a\u017eou, vytv\u00e1ra sa v nej magnetick\u00e9 pole, ale trv\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00fd \u010das, k\u00fdm sa toto pole vytvor\u00ed. Tento pr\u00fad v d\u00f4sledku vytvorenia magnetick\u00e9ho po\u013ea sa naz\u00fdva \u201cinduk\u010dn\u00fd jalov\u00fd pr\u00fad\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tento pr\u00fad sa v skuto\u010dnosti nemen\u00ed na u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fa energiu pre z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e, ale uklad\u00e1 sa v magnetickom poli. Medzi t\u00fdmto pr\u00fadom a nap\u00e4t\u00edm je f\u00e1zov\u00fd rozdiel, t. j. nap\u00e4tie sa za\u010dalo meni\u0165, ale pr\u00fad e\u0161te nedosiahol ve\u013ekos\u0165 zmeny nap\u00e4tia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pri induk\u010dn\u00fdch z\u00e1\u0165a\u017eiach m\u00f4\u017eu tieto komponenty (napr. elektromotory) vies\u0165 k zv\u00fd\u0161eniu spotreby energie v sieti, aj ke\u010f samotn\u00fd motor nespotrebuje to\u013eko energie. Je to preto, \u017ee induk\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee spotreb\u00favaj\u00fa okrem \u010dinn\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu aj jalov\u00fd v\u00fdkon. Jalov\u00fd v\u00fdkon sa nepou\u017e\u00edva priamo na vykon\u00e1vanie pr\u00e1ce, ale na udr\u017eiavanie magnetick\u00e9ho po\u013ea vo vn\u00fatri zariadenia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V d\u00f4sledku pr\u00edtomnosti induk\u010dn\u00fdch z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e\u00ed v syst\u00e9me cirkuluje pr\u00fad, \u010do sp\u00f4sobuje zv\u00fd\u0161enie celkovej energie (zdanliv\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu) v syst\u00e9me. Ke\u010f\u017ee induk\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee spotreb\u00favaj\u00fa jalov\u00fd v\u00fdkon, sie\u0165 mus\u00ed dod\u00e1va\u0165 viac pr\u00fadu, aby uspokojila potreby zariaden\u00ed. To vedie k zv\u00fd\u0161eniu spotreby energie v sieti, aj ke\u010f samotn\u00fd motor nespotreb\u00fava to\u013eko energie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Preto je potrebn\u00e9 pri navrhovan\u00ed a prev\u00e1dzke induk\u010dn\u00fdch z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e\u00ed zoh\u013eadni\u0165 vplyv jalov\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu, aby sa zv\u00fd\u0161ila \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 zariaden\u00ed a zn\u00ed\u017eila spotreba energie v sieti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Faktory ovplyv\u0148uj\u00face \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk v LED osvetlen\u00ed<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich dvoch \u010dastiach sme op\u00edsali, \u010do je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk, pre\u010do je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd a ako rozdiely v \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edku ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa sie\u0165. V tejto \u010dasti vysvetl\u00edme, ak\u00e9 faktory ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk LED svietidiel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pou\u017e\u00edvanie menej kvalitn\u00fdch nap\u00e1jac\u00edch zdrojov<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Nap\u00e1jac\u00ed zdroj LED ako hlavn\u00fd komponent svietidla m\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00fd vplyv na \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk LED svietidla. Je to sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 t\u00fdm, \u017ee v nap\u00e1jacom zdroji je viac induk\u010dn\u00fdch s\u00fa\u010diastok ako v ktorejko\u013evek inej \u010dasti svietidla. Riadiace jednotky LED od r\u00f4znych v\u00fdrobcov nap\u00e1jac\u00edch zdrojov sa v\u0161ak v\u00fdrazne l\u00ed\u0161ia vo v\u00fdkone \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Napr\u00edklad \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk nap\u00e1jac\u00edch zdrojov s\u00e9rie Infinity EUM m\u00f4\u017ee dosiahnu\u0165 hodnotu 0,97 alebo dokonca vy\u0161\u0161iu, zatia\u013e \u010do \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk nap\u00e1jac\u00edch zdrojov s\u00e9rie MOSO MXG m\u00f4\u017ee dosiahnu\u0165 iba 0,95. R\u00f4zne s\u00e9rie LED regul\u00e1torov od toho ist\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobcu sa tie\u017e v\u00fdrazne l\u00ed\u0161ia, pokia\u013e ide o ich \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk. Napr\u00edklad nap\u00e1jac\u00ed zdroj D4i od spolo\u010dnosti Igor EBS-080S105BT2 m\u00f4\u017ee dosiahnu\u0165 PF 0,98.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zle nakonfigurovan\u00fd zdroj nap\u00e1jania<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00da\u010dinn\u00edk toho ist\u00e9ho zdroja nap\u00e1jania sa pri r\u00f4znych konfigur\u00e1ci\u00e1ch svietidiel v\u00fdrazne l\u00ed\u0161i. V tomto pr\u00edpade konfigur\u00e1cia svietidla z\u00e1vis\u00ed najm\u00e4 od stup\u0148a zladenia medzi z\u00e1\u0165a\u017eou svietidla a regul\u00e1torom LED. Z nasleduj\u00facej tabu\u013eky vid\u00edme, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm men\u0161ia je z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e svietidla, t\u00fdm hor\u0161ia je hodnota PF. Ak vezmeme ako pr\u00edklad svietidlo EUM-075S105DG, pri z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ei 72 W (celkov\u00fd v\u00fdkon svietidla je 80 W) m\u00f4\u017ee PF dosiahnu\u0165 hodnotu 0,97. Ak sa za\u0165a\u017eenie svietidla zn\u00ed\u017ei na 60 W, hodnota PF sa zn\u00ed\u017ei na 0,96, a ak sa na\u010falej zni\u017euje na 50 W, hodnota PF sa zn\u00ed\u017ei na 0,95 alebo e\u0161te ni\u017e\u0161ie. V tomto momente je spr\u00e1vne pou\u017ei\u0165 nap\u00e1jac\u00ed zdroj EUM-050 na ovl\u00e1danie pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho LED modulu, aby sa dosiahla lep\u0161ia hodnota PF.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00da\u010dinn\u00edk LED regul\u00e1tora<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pou\u017e\u00edvanie funkcie stmievania<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Funkcia stmievania v LED svietidl\u00e1ch je \u0161iroko vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1. Hoci stmievanie m\u00f4\u017ee \u0161etri\u0165 energiu, mus\u00edme venova\u0165 pozornos\u0165 aj jeho vplyvu na \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk (PF). Pri osvetlen\u00ed vozoviek pouli\u010dn\u00e9 LED svietidl\u00e1 zn\u00ed\u017eia v\u00fdkon, aby sa minimalizovalo presvetlenie, ke\u010f sa po polnoci zn\u00ed\u017ei prem\u00e1vka. \u010eal\u0161\u00edm pr\u00edkladom je osvetlenie skladov, kde priemyseln\u00e9 svietidl\u00e1 LED upravuj\u00fa svoj v\u00fdkon na z\u00e1klade obsadenosti priestoru (obsaden\u00fd alebo neobsaden\u00fd), aby sa zn\u00ed\u017eilo zbyto\u010dn\u00e9 osvetlenie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ke\u010f je potreba osvetlenia n\u00edzka, svietidl\u00e1 LED zvy\u010dajne zn\u00ed\u017eia v\u00fdkon zmenou v\u00fdstupu regul\u00e1tora LED, aby sa u\u0161etrila energia, t. j. zn\u00ed\u017ei sa v\u00fdstupn\u00fd v\u00fdkon regul\u00e1tora LED. Z druh\u00e9ho bodu m\u00f4\u017eeme pochopi\u0165, \u017ee v tomto pr\u00edpade sa m\u00f4\u017ee zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk LED svietidiel. Odpor\u00fa\u010da sa, aby v tomto pr\u00edpade zn\u00ed\u017eenie v\u00fdkonu neprekro\u010dilo 50%. Ak je zn\u00ed\u017eenie v\u00fdkonu v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie ako 50%, vy\u017eaduje sa rovnov\u00e1ha medzi \u00fasporou energie a hodnotou \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zhr\u0148te<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00da\u010dinn\u00edk je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd parameter na obmedzenie jalov\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu v elektrick\u00fdch zariadeniach, je to ukazovate\u013e porovnania re\u00e1lneho, zdanliv\u00e9ho a jalov\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu v zariaden\u00ed. LED regul\u00e1tory dosahuj\u00fa lep\u0161ie v\u00fdsledky z h\u013eadiska \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edka v\u010faka pou\u017eitiu vn\u00fatorn\u00e9ho korektora \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edka (PFC).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00f4zni dod\u00e1vatelia riadiacich jednotiek LED maj\u00fa v tejto oblasti r\u00f4zne mo\u017enosti a v\u00fdrobcom svietidiel LED sa odpor\u00fa\u010da, aby ich presk\u00famali. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 by sme sa mali sna\u017ei\u0165 vyhn\u00fa\u0165 sa n\u00edzkemu \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edku v d\u00f4sledku nerozumnej konfigur\u00e1cie svietidiel (pr\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzke za\u0165a\u017eenie).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Okrem toho sa hodnoty \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edka LED svietidiel pri plnom za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed a stmievan\u00ed v\u00fdrazne l\u00ed\u0161ia. Domnievame sa v\u0161ak, \u017ee ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk LED osvetlenia nie je probl\u00e9mom po\u010das stmievania vzh\u013eadom na spotrebovan\u00fd vstupn\u00fd pr\u00fad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

S\u00favisiace produkty<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Svetl\u00e1 LED odoln\u00e9 proti v\u00fdbuchu<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Trojit\u00e9 LED osvetlenie<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Svetl\u00e1 \u010derpac\u00edch stan\u00edc odoln\u00e9 proti v\u00fdbuchu<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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LED svetl\u00e1 na zaplavenie<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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LED Tri-Proof Tube Lights<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Pouli\u010dn\u00e9 svetl\u00e1 LED<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

What is Power Factor? LED Lighting Power Factor Key Information Introductory Power factor is the ratio of useful power (i.e., the product of voltage and current) to apparent power, and its value ranges from 0 to 1. Typically, the power factor of LED lighting can reach 0.95, or even 0.97 to 0.99, so it does not […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2984,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"enabled","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4051","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"trp-custom-language-flag":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Joe","author_link":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/author\/jacklin\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"What is Power Factor? LED Lighting Power Factor Key Information Introductory Power factor is the ratio of useful power (i.e., the product of voltage and current) to apparent power, and its value ranges from 0 to 1. Typically, the power factor of LED lighting can reach 0.95, or even 0.97 to 0.99, so it does not…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4051","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4051"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4051\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4063,"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4051\/revisions\/4063"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2984"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/led.amasly.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4051"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}